This focuses on all aspects of patient infections from testing samples to identifying bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic agents that are contributing to the infectious process. The work here is mainly concerned with cultures, to determine the susceptibility of microorganisms to various antimicrobial agents based on biochemical tests, and reporting the results to healthcare providers.

Also, sensitivity testing is carried out to determine whether the organism is sensitive or resistant to a suggested medicine. Results are reported with the identified organism(s) and the type and amount of drug(s) that should be prescribed for the patient.